prep. 相反,反对,逆着,靠着,倚着
来源于古英语ongegen, ongean、中古英语ayeynst, ageinest, againest。
拆分: again再次,反响 + -st←e脱落←-est形容词或副词词尾,最高级
例:
(表示方向)与…方向相反,逆着,迎着,顶着
You should fly your kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。
She always advances against difficulties. 她总是迎着困难上。
to row against the current 逆水行舟
to struggle against fate 同命运抗争
No one is against this proposal. 没有人反对这个提议。
(表示方位)紧靠着…,倚靠着…
The seats have no back against which to lean. 这些座位都没有靠背可倚。
Place the ladder against the wall. 把梯子靠在墙上。
He was leaning against a post. 他倚在一根柱子上。
(表示对象)对…不利,对…有害;碰撞,撞击;防御,防备
The present economic climate works against the smaller companies. 当前的经济气候对小公司不利。
The first victim gave evidence against him. 第一受害人提出了对他不利的证据。
He turned up his collar against the wind. 他把领子竖起来挡风。
The rain was beating against the windows. 雨点拍打在窗户上。
Make shift barricades against tank attacks. 阻挡坦克攻击的临时路障。
在...的对面
He lived over against the temple. 他住在那寺庙的正对面。
(表示目的)为…做准备
She is preparing a substantial meal against his return. 她正在准备一顿丰盛的饭菜为他接风。
insurance against sickness and unemployment. 医疗和失业保险。
(表示态度)反对,反抗
He fought against the disease for a long time. 他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。
He gritted his teeth against the pain. 他咬紧了牙忍着疼。
be prepared against war and natural disasters 备战备荒
I have nothing against you personally. 我对你个人没有不满。
(表示依据)以…为标准
I checked my watch against the steeple clock. 我根据教堂尖塔的大钟对了表。
We owe Vegas money against the invoices shown on the spreadsheet. 按这个表上显示的发票,我们还欠着维加斯钱哩
以…兑换,以…交换
Please deliver this package against payment of cost. 请把这件货物送去, 把货款带回。
the rate against U.S. dollars 美元兑换率
(表示对比)和…比,和…对照;以…为背景
He is elected by a majority of 40 votes against 10. 他以40票对10票的大多数票当选。
The mountain looks magnificent against the sky. 在蓝天的衬托下,这座山显得雄伟壮丽。
The park opens five hours a day this year against three hours a day last year. 这公园今年每天开放五小时,而去年每天开放三小时。